ABSTRACT
The last two Brazilian governments were responsible for the general dismantling of public policies in favor of family farming, such actions reflected directly in the Food and Nutrition Security and Insecurity indices since 2016, progressively increased and worsened in 2020 with the pandemic of COVID-19 . Thus, this article aims to interpret the historical and political threshold between the years 2002 to 2020 and the phenomenon of hunger in this period. The conduct of the research was guided by the Literature Review on national and international sites, with a qualitative and quantitative bias of a descriptive character. The study showed that there was an increase in the levels of Food and Nutritional Insecurity at its various levels: mild, moderate and severe, highlighting the North and Northeast regions of the country as most vulnerable to hunger and essentially the populations residing in rural areas. We are facing a health and food crisis in Brazil and in the world and we therefore have an opportunity to seriously reflect on the way we produce process and distribute food.